Acetylcysteine is a medication available in various forms, including oral solutions, intravenous solutions, and inhaled solutions. It is primarily used for two distinct purposes:
1. Acetaminophen Overdose:
Acetylcysteine is a crucial antidote for acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose. It is most effective when administered within 8 hours of ingestion, but can be beneficial even up to 24 hours after.
Dosage: The standard intravenous regimen involves a loading dose followed by maintenance infusions over 21 hours. Specific dosages are calculated based on the patient's weight and the severity of the overdose.
2. Mucolytic Agent:
Acetylcysteine thins and loosens thick mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up. This is helpful for conditions like bronchitis, pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, and other respiratory diseases.
Dosage: For inhaled use, the typical dose is 3-5 ml of a 20% solution or 6-10 ml of a 10% solution, administered 3-4 times daily. Dosage may vary depending on the severity of the condition and the patient's age.
Dosage Recommendations:
Acetaminophen Overdose (IV):
Loading Dose: 150 mg/kg infused over 1 hour.
First Maintenance Dose: 50 mg/kg infused over 4 hours.
Second Maintenance Dose: 100 mg/kg infused over 16 hours.
Mucolytic (Inhaled):
Adults: 3-5 ml of 20% solution or 6-10 ml of 10% solution 3-4 times daily.
Children: Dosage varies by age and severity of condition. Consult a healthcare professional.
Important Note:It is crucial to consult a healthcare professional for proper dosage and administration instructions. Acetylcysteine can have side effects, and its use should be guided by a medical professional.
